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Wisdom & Poetry · WORLD ENGLISH BIBLE

Ecclesiastes 1

A searching reflection on mortality, work, pleasure, wisdom, and life as God's gift.

Old Testament

Ecclesiastes 1

1The words of the Preacher, the son of David, king in Jerusalem:

2“Vanity of vanities,” says the Preacher; “Vanity of vanities, all is vanity.”

3What does man gain from all his labor in which he labors under the sun?

4One generation goes, and another generation comes; but the earth remains forever.

5The sun also rises, and the sun goes down, and hurries to its place where it rises.

6The wind goes toward the south, and turns around to the north. It turns around continually as it goes, and the wind returns again to its courses.

7All the rivers run into the sea, yet the sea is not full. To the place where the rivers flow, there they flow again.

8All things are full of weariness beyond uttering. The eye is not satisfied with seeing, nor the ear filled with hearing.

9That which has been is that which shall be, and that which has been done is that which shall be done; and there is no new thing under the sun.

10Is there a thing of which it may be said, “Behold, this is new”? It has been long ago, in the ages which were before us.

11There is no memory of the former; neither shall there be any memory of the latter that are to come, among those that shall come after.

12I, the Preacher, was king over Israel in Jerusalem.

13I applied my heart to seek and to search out by wisdom concerning all that is done under the sky. It is a heavy burden that God has given to the sons of men to be afflicted with.

14I have seen all the works that are done under the sun; and behold, all is vanity and a chasing after wind.

15That which is crooked can’t be made straight; and that which is lacking can’t be counted.

16I said to myself, “Behold, I have obtained for myself great wisdom above all who were before me in Jerusalem. Yes, my heart has had great experience of wisdom and knowledge.”

17I applied my heart to know wisdom, and to know madness and folly. I perceived that this also was a chasing after wind.

18For in much wisdom is much grief; and he who increases knowledge increases sorrow.

READ IN CONTEXT

Before applying this chapter

A searching reflection on mortality, work, pleasure, wisdom, and life as God's gift. Read Ecclesiastes 1 within the complete Ecclesiastes overview, and use the contextual Bible reading guide before forming a personal application. Chapter divisions aid navigation, but the literary unit may begin earlier or continue into the next chapter.

Observe first

Mark repeated words, changes of speaker, commands, promises, contrasts, questions, and the relationship between paragraphs.

Apply responsibly

Distinguish description from command and immediate audience from later readers before forming a personal application.

TEXT-DERIVED READING NOTES

What to notice in Ecclesiastes 1

Ecclesiastes 1 contains 18 verses and about 364 words in this translation. These observations come from the chapter itself; they are prompts for close reading, not claims about its only possible meaning.

The opening movement

Verse 1 begins: “The words of the Preacher, the son of David, king in Jerusalem:” Ask what situation, voice, image, or argument this opening establishes for everything that follows.

The closing movement

Verse 18 closes: “For in much wisdom is much grief; and he who increases knowledge increases sorrow.” Compare the ending with the opening and note what changed, resolved, intensified, or remained open.

Vocabulary worth tracing

Recurring or prominent content words include wisdom, vanity, under, goes, wind, done. Follow where each word appears and whether its meaning shifts with the speaker or setting.

COMMON QUESTIONS

About Ecclesiastes 1

Which Bible translation is shown here?+

This page reproduces the World English Bible Protestant edition (WEBP), a modern-English translation dedicated to the public domain.

How should I cite a specific verse?+

Use the book, chapter, and verse—for example, Ecclesiastes 1:1—and name the World English Bible if the wording matters. Each verse number above is a direct anchor link.

Does the chapter number define the complete literary unit?+

Not always. Chapter and verse numbers were added for navigation. Check the paragraphs, scenes, poetic stanzas, or argument before and after this chapter.

A SMALL NEXT STEP

You do not have to have everything figured out.

Begin with one honest question, one passage read carefully, and one faithful next step.

Start with prayer